Smoking makes you at higher risk for the disease, but so do numerous other things, diabetes, obesity and general poor diet to name a few.
Smoking is a worse case scenario, for things that nicotine can be contributory to. Meaning, if smoking can cause something and nicotine is the root problem, the other things in smoking (chemicals tar etc) will make the issue worse than nicotine alone..
I don't know much about arteriosclerosis myself, but I will give an example from something else that I do know about.
After fracturing vertebrae in my lower back and having multiple surgeries many, many years ago, I ended up having severe nerve damage and chronic pain (as well a chronic pain disease..)
My doctors always told me that smoking made the pain worse than it might otherwise be if I weren't smoking.. one doctor explained that as smoking interrupted the oxygen supply to the lower part of your spine it made lower back problems worse because the same level of healing couldn't take place.
At least, that was what I remembered him saying.
At any rate I never could quit smoking until I found vaping 4 years ago (almost). Yet, I found that when I quit smoking my pain level did indeed decrease... quite dramatically really.
Now, I was vaping and taking in nicotine on a daily basis... but quitting smoking decreased the pain.
I'm having recent further problems with my back, some vertebrae are moving out of place and pinching nerves.. the pain is severe.
The doc mentioned that nicotine can attach (or attaches) to pain receptors and can make pain more intense.
Now that I've quit vaping (completely) I did notice a decrease in pain, such that by day 6 of not vaping, I was able to increase (by double) the amount of physical therapy that I could tolerate per day.
That is quite a big decrease in pain. and that was nicotine alone not combined with smoking.
Updates on Smoking And Low Back Pain
Anyway.. so some diseases that smoking causes, or some problems caused by smoking, if it's nicotine at the heart of the problem then those problems may still be there to an extent if your taking in nicotine through vaping
If your curious why not speak to your doctor and look up various scholarly articles on the topic. . Learn more about it.