Are you using a large chuck?
What batteries?
What voltage?
You cannot use an 801 @ 3.4 ohms with a 3.7 volt battery...you need a differential of at least +2 volts between the atomizer ohms and voltage.
I vape at +3 volts.
So if my atomizer is 3.4 ohms i would vape at 6.4 volts.
If you have a large chuck, I can reccomend you use 2 x 3 volt batteries
They most certainly can use that combination. It will just feel like a dead stock 510 battery is all.
Wattage is what you want to worry about anyways.
They're getting around 4.02W off that combination, as far as what 510 atomizers, it would depend on Ω resistance to reproduce the same effect.
As far as the 801's you're using, assuming they are 3.4Ω resistance then yes, you're going to get little to no production out of it. Might work for some, but if you want the billowing clouds of wondrous vapor.. you should consider a different route.
Now, having said that. I don't know enough about 801's to truly be of help there, but in the 510 department, I'm better. As far as production, th, taste, and such, the ideal wattage you would want at 3.7 would be around 6-8W, anything more and you'd be stressing the battery and get reduced life unless you got an IMR from AW. (which is also an option!)
Assuming you have a Chuck, you could try 2 3.0v LiFePo4 batteries from AW, they do not come with protection circuits because they are a safer chemistry that will not vent flames (i.e. explodey!) I personally use them and get nothing but goodness from them, since there's not a single Chuck configuration that I can use as intended and overwork these batteries causing damage.
Assuming you have a Little Chuck, you're stuck at 3.7 and would have to find a lower Ω atomizer. Anything in the 1.5** to 2.3 ohm range (resulting in 6W for the 2.3 ohm, and 9W for the 1.5 ohm, the higher the watts, the higher the heat.) will give you the desired effect.*
Having said that, the first question is if the specific 801 atomizers you're using are too high of a resistance to use efficiently at 3.7v of power. If so, then refer above to solutions depending on your Chuck or Lil' Chuck preference.
(*Some sites do not give you the resistance of your atomizers, if you were interested in finding this out on your own, you would need a multimeter or ohmeter.)
(** using 1.5 ohm resistance atomizers really should be used with the proper battery to ensure no damage is done, IMR batteries are best for this application)