FDA propylene glycol
The federal Food and Drug Administration lists propylene glycol as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) except for use in or on cat food. Because propylene glycol is listed as GRAS, it is subject to many fewer government regulations in general and EPA requirements in particular. The Dow corporation technical data sheet for propylene glycol notes that it is used in the food, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, fragrance, and personal care industries, both as an ingredient and as a low temperature heat transfer agent in the dairy, brewing and ice cream industries, as well as in food storage.
EPA general findings
In general, propylene glycol tested negative in a battery of EPA tests. In a 2006 EPA report titled "Reregistration Eligibility Decision for Propylene Glycol and Dipropylene Glycol," the agency found propylene glycol negative for carcogenicity up to agency testing limit doses. This finding updates the 1991 EPA Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) carcinogenic assessment for propylene glycol, which at the time had not undergone a human carcinogenic potential evaluation. The 2006 study also found propylene glycol negative for mutagenicity and genotoxic potential.