Regarding ECF Safety Specification For Metal Tube Mods

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AZCraig

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It is impossible to prevent faulty batteries being inserted in mods.

No matter what is done, by whom, at whatever cost - dud batteries will be stacked in mods by somebody somewhere.

There is a simple, easy fix: large vent holes in the tube body. There are better engineering solutions - but the idea that all mod makers could comprehend how to actually engineer a safer metal tube mod, or wanted to implement such improvements, or would not try to cut corners, or could construct effective gas vents other than slots that can be instantly checked for veracity by a buyer, is plainly ridiculous. However if a manufacturer comes to us with a mod design that is obviously well-conceived and well-built, we might offer an exemption.

The gas vent slots are offered as a simple, easy fix that any mod maker can implement and that are easy to check. There are certainly better solutions - but some makers can't be trusted, and these other options are hard to verify by the buyer of the product. The slots can be part-filled or covered in such a way as to prevent ingress of foreign materials/water if for some reason a slip case for the mod is not sold.


I think the foreign matter intrusion problem would be solved if the vent slots were sealed with a material in such a way that pressure from the inside would cause them to blow open but pressure from the outside would not. I.e. you could dunk the mod in a bucked of water and the vent seals would not let the water in.
 
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Martö

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So basically your trying to do something like this.. http://ehs.whoi.edu/ehs/occsafety/LithiumBatterySafetyGuideSG10.pdf

Reading the Li-ion Technical Handbook. http://industrial.panasonic.com/www-data/pdf/ACI4000/ACI4000PE5.pdf it already states If the battery is built into other equipment, use caution to strictly avoid designing airtight battery compartments.

It really doesn't say DO NOT.. So like as what was said earlier. If you add a vent hole or require a vent hole you can now introduce water into the mix. Thus create Hydrogen rather than Oxygen venting.

One DO NOT is: Do not expose the battery to water or salt water, or allow the battery to get wet.

The fact that these are portable handheld devices in which we carry in our coat,jean, and jacket pockets. I assume your going to further attach a disclaimer to not use your slotted PV when conditions outside are raining, when in the shower, cooking, watering the lawn, fishing, camping, swimming, in the pet store, in the bathroom, sitting on the toilet, during summer (who knows when one might use a squirt gun or water balloon on you) in the snow, eating, drinking, and anytime where one might come in contact with water or liquids containing H2O.

This is just for Li-ion batteries. With the many different types out there your going to have such a huge list of Do Not it's going to be a little overboard.

So you see why you can't go after a mod and make them do something because it will introduce them into another form of problems.

Added this below----

The fact that we are using a pv that is not specifically designed to meet a battery manufactures design standard already negates anything your trying to do to make them safer from a battery stand point.
 
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pumasforpets

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I think the foreign matter intrusion problem would be solved if the vent slots were sealed with a material in such a way that pressure from the inside would cause them to blow open but pressure from the outside would not. I.e. you could dunk the mod in a bucked of water and the vent seals would not let the water in.

I'm currently working on a design concept for low durometer urethane or silicone plugs for the slots in my APV to keep out water and dust. As an added benefit, they add a bit of grip when holding the device :) Should a venting event occyr, the plugs would easily blow out and may even give advanced warning prior to going into full on flamethrower mode if the pressure builds up from the venting gas and pops the plugs out...giving the user time to drop the PV and avoid injury. Maybe....will need testing to confirm.

There I go again, saying that things should be tested before claiming they will work. Silly me.
 
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Martö

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I'm currently working on a design concept for low durometer urethane or silicone plugs for the slots in my APV to keep out water and dust. As an added benefit, they add a bit of grip when holding the device :) Should a venting event occyr, the plugs would easily blow out and may even give advanced warning prior to going into full on flamethrower mode if the pressure builds up from the venting gas and pops the plugs out...giving the user time to drop the PV and avoid injury. Maybe....will need testing to confirm.

There I go again, saying that things should be tested before claiming they will work. Silly me.


I think the term your looking for is a Pressure Relief Valve.



BTW here is more battery stuff for those interested.

http://www.nfpa.org/assets/files/pdf/research/rflithiumionbatterieshazard.pdf

https://info.aiaa.org/tac/PEG/APSTC...dard SMC-S-017 (2008) - Li-Ion Battery SV.pdf
 

rolygate

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Roly, have there been additional mods/ devices that met these exemptions, or are you speaking of theoretical exemptions that might be met in the future?

I worded the post wrongly (now edited - thanks). As you say, it refers to possible exceptions for designs using alternative methods for gas dumping, or for designs where two batteries won't work even though they may fit. Etc.

but then after listing the appropriate language for vendors/manufacturers to use once compliant with EMSS, it says:

...or similar. This is because we have not inspected, tested and approved it. ECF cannot test and 'approve' any product, it is not a testing authority. We will list it as complying with EMSS.

So what are the ways in which completely new designs, or other conceivable "exceptions" can be properly appraised (if not outright inspected) for compliance by way of exemption from the EMSS?

We are prepared to give a new design an exemption on inspection (but without testing and approving it). In other words:

1. If it has obvious features that mean it is obviously unlikely to explode, we would exempt it. This specifically involves features that make it inarguably safer - such as the use of square section metal.

2. If it has features that can be verified immediately on switch-on: for example if it won't switch on since two batteries don't work in it, it will be exempted.

3. If it has features that require some form of testing of a destructive type in order to verify their efficiency, we cannot approve such a device, but will do so if:
a. Given a unit to inspect and return.
b. Given testing results that we can reasonably expect to have been carried out competently.

We would like to do this in a supportive way, in order to allow/produce more development, not stifle it. The idea is to get out of the current situation one way or another.

We cannot act as a testing & approvals agency as we don't have the facilities or funds. This is for the makers. If they show us new designs that are safe, with testing results to prove it, we would probably need to agree. If it looks as if I'm being a bit circumspect about this, it's because my experience tells me that this part of the industry contains a small number of people who couldn't care less about anyone's safety as long as they make a buck, and will do anything/everything possible to cut corners and costs no matter the price someone else pays in their health.


What the vendors have asked us to do
Several vendors have already asked, in the private Suppliers forum, that ECF consider banning metal tube mods of the type affected. We are told that the entire trade experienced a drop in sales across the board after the January and February incidents. There is plenty of support in the trade for either a ban on these metal tube mods, or some kind of serious restrictions on them.

I am unhappy with this for a multitude of reasons, including:
  • I have several of these mods and see nothing wrong with them if they have certain design modifications. They are among my favorite devices because they almost always work faultlessly, there is very little to go wrong, there is a lot of bang for your buck, and they are easy to service. I wouldn't personally put two batteries in them, and every metal tube mod needs substantial gas vents regardless.
  • A simple device will work even when other more complex ones have packed up.
  • ECF has found that advice and gentle nudging are better options than bans, regulations and so on. One of the reasons is that the subtle approach helps to spread the effect wider. Bans just increase the hate and there is no evidence that bans work for anything.
  • I have to take account of everything the trade tell me. This includes many of them saying there was a drop in sales (and the implication that there will more, bigger falls in sales with future incidents; not to mention a gigantic drop in sales if this results in government or State regulations) versus a few people disagreeing with the fitting of gas vent holes while offering no other alternative for discussion.
  • I personally hate big government with a vengeance, and don't want anything to do with that kind of approach. This has to be balanced against ECF members being put in hospital, and legal restrictions being placed on ecigs in general, because of the explosive incidents, plus calls from some in the trade to ban these devices from ECF. Taking all these into account, it is hard to argue against the current ECF approach: advice, warnings, and an appeal for new designs.
 
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pumasforpets

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I have one from VapeFest...but haven't found a use for it yet. It doesn't fit well in the Zenesis which is designed specifically to use ONLY AW IMR batteries, it's too wide for the Mako and my Don has a Kick in it making the chip redundant.

I'm supposed to test it, but I don't really know what they're looking for. 4 scenarios: A) I have no problems with my batteries/device and it's as if the chip isn't even there, B) I have no problems with my batteries/device, but the fuse blows anyway C) I have a problem with my batteries/device and the fuse blows as intended or D) I have a problem with my batteries/device and the fuse does not blow as intended.
 

tj99959

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    I have one from VapeFest...but haven't found a use for it yet. It doesn't fit well in the Zenesis which is designed specifically to use ONLY AW IMR batteries, it's too wide for the Mako and my Don has a Kick in it making the chip redundant.

    I'm supposed to test it, but I don't really know what they're looking for. 4 scenarios: A) I have no problems with my batteries/device and it's as if the chip isn't even there, B) I have no problems with my batteries/device, but the fuse blows anyway C) I have a problem with my batteries/device and the fuse blows as intended or D) I have a problem with my batteries/device and the fuse does not blow as intended.

    Have no fear, I already asked Matt about my Mako, and they have both 14 & 26mm versions in the works. (wish they would make a kick to fit in the Mako)
    As for testing them, if you become aware that it's there something is wrong, maybe something very wrong.
    Use it in your Don even tho the Kick is in it, redundancy is a good thing .
    Also I think that adding a fuse to an IMR is a great idea (and needed).
     
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    pumasforpets

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    Have no fear, I already asked Matt about my Mako, and they have both 14 & 26mm versions in the works. (wish they would make a kick to fit in the Mako)
    As for testing them, if you become aware that it's there something is wrong, maybe something very wrong.
    Use it in your Don even tho the Kick is in it, redundancy is a good thing .
    Also I think that adding a fuse to an IMR is a great idea (and needed).

    I'll put it in the Don. It makes the threads stick out in the Zenesis because it fits an IMR 18650 perfectly and the board adds length.
     

    pumasforpets

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    How many mm does it add?

    I'll measure when I get home, but for a quick reference, I have an 18500 and the Kick in my Don and when I put the board in without backing the switch screw out, it fires just before the top threads are fully seated. I would say about 3-4 mm but I'll confirm later.
     

    enfurno

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    I read through about half of this thread. Forgive me if this was mentioned, but this thread was so off topic with ignorant debate most of the time that I just stopped reading....

    As part of the specification, battery safety awareness should be a MAJOR concern and I personally believe that rather than educating users via multiple posts and/or write ups, it should be included here. For instance, buy your batteries from the source, or a notable source. Mod vendors are not typically a notable source. Use a quality charger, Pila makes great chargers, I have personally owned one for 2 years and my batteries always come out of it metering the same as they did on day one.

    Share battery safety information. You can make a tube as safe as you want, but a metal tube isn't the point of failure, EVER. The batteries will always be the point of failure and an educated user can understand their batteries and catch a possible failure before it ever happens.

    Just my 2 cents.
     

    pumasforpets

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    Absolutely. A greater responsibility for the use of batteries is important and ECF could easily provide the information.

    I do see Roly's perspective though. We know for certain that the batteries we use can fail catastrophically. We can try to prevent this through education, but that only accounts for those who are willing to learn. An article on CNN isn't likely to mention that the guy in the hospital from a PV explosion failed to educate himself on the dangers of Li-Ion batteries and how to use them more safely. They'll just say an e-cig exploded in a person's face. I am very adamant about accepting responsibility for your own actions. Ignorantia juris neminem excusat - Ignorance of the law excuses no one. However, we can take steps to limit the damage caused by ignorance.

    Roly and I do not disagree on the principal that APVs can or should be made safer. We disagree on how they can or should be made safer. My disdain stems from the lack of evidence to suggest that EMSS will undeniably create a favorable situation without introducing other serious problems.

    My solution is 2 fold. 1) To design an APV that takes the intent of EMSS and morphs it into something more elegant and functional with a focus on the way the specific device operates rather than the catchall way in which EMSS is worded and 2) Begin to communicate with developers of new and safer battery technology so that EMSS can eventually be obsolete.


    I won't discuss #1 for various reasons, but #2 is something that not only builders can/should be doing, but that the community at large can contribute toward. Contact | PowerGenix Batteries PowerGenix has developed a much safer battery chemistry (Nickel Zinc). With enough voices, they may be convinced to make batteries in sizes and voltages that fit our application (and other devices such as laser pointers and LED flashlights, etc). To that end, I think some of the community's battery suppliers could step up and lend their weight to the quest to obtain safer batteries for use in PVs. I think there is a very large market there and I also think suppliers would get free marketing from ECF if they were to work toward distribution of a safe chemistry.
     

    Stubby

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    I won't discuss #1 for various reasons, but #2 is something that not only builders can/should be doing, but that the community at large can contribute toward. Contact | PowerGenix Batteries PowerGenix has developed a much safer battery chemistry (Nickel Zinc). With enough voices, they may be convinced to make batteries in sizes and voltages that fit our application (and other devices such as laser pointers and LED flashlights, etc). To that end, I think some of the community's battery suppliers could step up and lend their weight to the quest to obtain safer batteries for use in PVs. I think there is a very large market there and I also think suppliers would get free marketing from ECF if they were to work toward distribution of a safe chemistry.

    I wouldn't get to excited about Nickel Zinc. This is a link to AA Ni-Zn sold at Amazon. Take a look at the comments section for an eye opener. Stacked Ni-Zn has many of the same problems and dangers of stacking lithium. They are not nearly as stable as Ni-Hm. I'm not a battery expert by any means but I wouldn't want to be using them in an APV.

    Amazon.com: PowerGenix PGX-4AAZiNc-1.6v High Voltage Rechargeable AA Batteries - 4 Pack: Electronics

    The only advantage Ni-Zn has over Ni-Hm is a higher voltage. Capacity is the same as Ni-Hm for the size. Given as they appear to be far less stable and put out large amounts of hydrogen gas when venting they would be a poor choice. They also appear to have about the same resistance of good quality LS-D Ni-Hm.
     

    pumasforpets

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    I don't think it's the same level of danger as the violent gassing and temperature ramp of a Li-Ion. Sticking an anode and a cathode in water and applying current will also produce hydrogen gas as will many other things. It's the volume, rate and temperature that matter most. Still, a completely sealed tube would not be the best of options.

    The problem I saw is that the capacity is the same for the size...but not the voltage. So a NiMh batt @ 1000mAh is 1.2v max, while a NiZn is 1.8v max. If we wanted to make 2 batteries from the 2 different chemistry running at 3.6v, it would take 3 NiMh and 2 NiZn, therefore the the NiZn cells could be larger and thus have a higher capacity. I have a NiMh battery that is designed to be the same general size as an 18650 Li-Ion and it is rated at a whopping 600mAh. However, it is stacked as a unit to 4.8v making stacking of more than 1 not needed. If they had gone with cells to get to 3.6v, I would expect the battery to be around 1000 mAh which is still far lower than what I think people are looking for.

    Good discussion :) I watched a TED talk last night with the head of DARPA and she said something I really liked, "You can't learn how to fly a glider at mach 20 without actually flying it." Basically, you'll never succeed if you never try.
     

    Stubby

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    Yes, like all batteries they can vent. But did you notice they did not catch fire, or even get warm. A few small vent holes is likely enough to make them safe from going boom. You would never reach the tremendous secondary venting and fire that lithiums are capable of.
     
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