LM2596 based switching regulators are perfectly fine, though not the most efficient and compact of the lot. They're inexpensive, but you can pay more and get a more efficient and compact buck (step-down) regulator like an OKR-T/6 or PTR08060W.
Since a a buck switching regulator is efficient, you're taking in higher voltage and lower current then putting out lower voltage and higher current. That means there's no issue using smaller protected cells. Like other buck regulators, LM2596 based regulators provide input current limiting so you're covered there. With protected cells you're fail safe, in other words, you're still safe even with one failure. With unprotected cells, you have the regulator to protect you from over-current, but you're not fail safe. If you're concerned about it, you may want to add a fuse in-line
like this.
The standard regulators like the NCP630A also provide input current limiting, but since they are not efficient, you can possibly hit the current limit on smaller protected cells like 14500s. It's not a concern for larger cells since the protecton allows higher currents.
The exception is with a boost regulator (which you're not using) since they typcially don't have input current limiting.