I read through this entire post and Rader2146 nailed it… Nice to see some people here have a good grasp on charging cells.
I use the same PV, same cells, but I charge with a hobby charger. Every charger I’ve used in the past over charged these cells. If you guys really want a decent charge use something like an iCharger or Accucel 6 if you are on a budget.
Just some additional information I didn’t see in this the about the Panasonic CGR18650CH cells.
I see a lot of people advertise these cells with a nominal voltage of 3.7v; I understand the nominal voltage is actually 3.6v, Personally I terminate at 4.1v to extend cell life.
If you cells are coming off the charger at 4.21+, the charger probably isn’t following the correct CC/Cv charging algorithm and the cells are being over charged. Terminating the cells and higher is just going to dramatically reduce cell life.
The ability to adjust charge rates and termination voltage is a nice thing.
I suspect the charger is totally faulty; 500mA into these cells is a walk in the park. My standard charge rate for these cells is cool 1A and the cells remain cool until termination at 4.1v.
It’s also not hard to confirm charge rates with a DMM, alligator clips and some magnets.