First, atomizer effectiveness varies from unit to unit, even within the same model. For example, of the last two 510 attys I've purchased (on two different occasions), one churns out the vapor amazingly, the other is terrible. E-cig quality control is not all it could be.
In general, the 510 is one of the very best vapor producers ... only rivaled, in my experience, by the new advanced Kr8 cartomizers (e.g., Vapor4Life's Premium and WOW, VaporNine's Turbo, and CigEasy's Gold Label Deluxe).
Any atomizer's vapor will be dramatically increased on a higher voltage battery. The 510 (and eGO) battery is only 3.2V. Even a true 3.7V battery (e.g., the Kr8's or a
mod) would improve the output. And a 5V
mod creates a fog. The same power (equivalent to 5V) can be achieved by using an LR (low resistance) 510 atomizer on a 510 or eGO battery.
TH is in the eye (
throat actually) of the beholder. For example, I get virtually no TH from the 510, but most vapers do.
My favorite is the penstyle (e.g., DSE801 or Joye302) atomizer, but it is larger in size. The DSE901 atty (the same diameter and slightly longer that the 510's) and Kr8 cartomizer (smaller than the 510 atty) both hit me harder than the the 510 atty. I've never tried the M401 or Joye306 atomizers. [NOTE: The 306 atty works on the 510 battery with
out adapter.]