hang in there bud!!!!!
i'm no expert and i'm sure i'll be corrected if i'm wrong, but it breaks down a bit like this:
the e lite has a battery (the white part) and the orange "tip" is called a cartomiser.
i stuck with cartomisers cos they just seemed an easier option.
cartomiser = cartridge + atomiser. inside the tip is the wadding that contains the juice, and an atomiser you cant see at the bottom. an atomiser is a coil that gets super hot when you draw on the cig, this heat vapourises the liquid and thats what you inhale.
the other option is to get the atomiser seperately and put a cartridge on top of it. the cartridge contains the liquid and works in the same way, its just that theyre seperate.
i'm a bit fuzzy on the SR / LR thing, but from what i can gather LR (low resistance) cartos burn hotter and produce more vapour and throat hit.
similarly dual coil has two elements inside and i think these do kind of the same thing.
510 is basically the thread size, and they make atomisers and cartomisers in that size.
i got some dual coil LR cartos but thought they got too hot and used a lot of juice, i am quite happy with standard ones
theres loads of threads on here about the different types and when starting out i think you just need to find something youre happy with then experiment more when youve found your feet.
as a starting point, if you like the way the e lites operate and their simplicity, you may prefer to go for cartomisers then try other things. thats what i did.
btw, you may come across 2 types of battery. automatic and manual. the e lites have an automatic battery. it works when you take a pull.
a manual battery has a button you press when you want to vape.
as i say, im new to this too and hope this info is correct (and understandable!!!)