Likely smaller than smoke particles, but larger than some of the problem components of cigarette smoke, like CO, which attaches itself to hemoglobin, robbing that molecule of it's docking space for O2 for a period.

Propylene glycol is a fairly large molecule, but probably smaller than smoke particles. On the other hand, it is
quickly metabolized by the body, whereas smoke particles are not. It isn't something which accumulates in your lungs over time, like smoke does.