f humans in an industrial setting can reach critical health is a few short years, the Rats should have croaked in a Few short months.
Proof--scientific--required. Rats are not humans, and may or may not have the same reaction to a given chemical that a human would. Threshold values often differ between rats and humans.
The problem with these types of tests is that the levels of exposure are often raised in the testing to show positive or negative results in a reasonable time span and within a rat's very limited life span. Then, of course, the criticism becomes "But Nobody Would Ever Consume That Much!" True, of course, but people who criticize these studies always want it both ways (and then often argue against label disclosure at the same time).
Lately, I'm finding these sorts of people to be extremely tiresome, but that's another story.
For human exposure, we tend to limit or ban on suspicion to be on the safe side, and then allow it if it turns out to not have been a problem. Or, if it has a GRAS or known low toxicity substitute, nobody ever gets back around to doing the research.
Given the complete lack of labeling standards or enforcement in the industry, I went DIY ages ago (and even make my primary flavoring myself). But I don't expect that most people would have the ability, skill set, time, or inclination to do that.