But how do the higher values affect efficiency?... Switch current through your tactile switch is solely a matter of your pull-down or pull-up resistor value and source voltage. You can go as low as 4.7k for a tactile switch, but 10k, 33k, or 47k are also fine. The advantage of a lower resistance is less susceptibility to noise. The disadvantage is it results in more current flow through the switch and more power consumption.
Isn't it best to make sure the gates of your mosfets see as little resistance as possible. Won't a high resistance to ground cause the gate capacitance of a mosfet (an N at least) to discharge much slower than if the resistance was low? Would not this mean the mosfet is spending more time in the high channel resistance triode region?