Paper for psychology

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Red Hood

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Feb 11, 2014
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This is a paper I wrote for psychology awhile back. It isn't a formal paper, it's more of a discussion paper thing. I just wanted to share it here, maybe you guys can learn something; maybe you guys can correct any misinformation! What do you think?:

tobacco smoking causes various forms of cancer and other health issues. Tar causes cancer, and carbon monoxide is a very dangerous chemical. People have died from exposure to carbon monoxide, such as from car fumes.
The reasons people use nicotine products are because it can help enhance your mood, suppress your appetite, and even help your focus and concentration. As a stimulant, it can provide you the pick-me-up you may be drinking caffeine for. Nicotine can lead to birth defects and forms of heart troubles such as direct harm to cells in the heart. It does speed up your heart rate and blood pressure, as it constricts your blood vessels. Ironically, anti-depressants can constrict your heart vessels and cause blood pressure as well. But… nicotine does not cause cancer. Nicotine is being researched, as it may become helpful to people with Alzheimer’s disease. People smoke tobacco to get to nicotine, which is the almost non-harmful substance. Nicotine by itself does not cause disease, though it may be linked to heart disease. However, if overdosed, they will become overstimulated (which can cause increased rapid heart-rate or elevation in blood pressure). Nicotine does not cause heart attacks and strokes, as it’s never been demonstrated in medical literature. Nicotine is very addictive, and is what caused people to start using tobacco products. Nicotine products are FDA approved, and can be purchased over the counter to help people quit using tobacco.
Vapor thus far cannot cause disease; however, it can cause addictive disease due to the nicotine. Doctors are known to congratulate tobacco users for making healthier choices such as patch, gum, or vapor. Vapor cigarettes do not contain any disease-causing properties. As opposed to tobacco products, vaporizing does not stain your teeth.
Propylene Glycol (PG). There is a substance, which is a substrate, in which a vapor can form. Much like how clouds need dust particles to form water vapor around them. PG is the inert chemical that passes in and out of the human body without being unchanged and with no effect. It has been studied since as far back as 1946, and has no effect on human beings. There is nothing in this vapor that can affect the child negatively, as opposed to 2nd hand smoke which can have detrimental effects on anybody. In fact, vapor does not cause 3rd hand smoke either, as there isn’t even any 1st hand smoking. There is no burning or combustion taking place in vapor, which means there is no release of smoke particles. Smoke particles are the gaseous residue that is released by burning tobacco leaves or other substances. This consists of tars or ashes released into the air. Therefore, vapor does not contribute to this risk.
The chemicals used in vaporizers may use chemicals, but these chemicals are not harmful. However, the 4,000+ toxic chemicals used in tobacco products are harmful.
Smoking cigarettes and filtered cigars has introduced into the world a very harmful method of littering. Filters take decades upon decades to decompose, and are very harmful to the environment. With vaporizing alternatives, there are no filters being used. This should reduce the amount of litter and damage done to the environment. Not to mention the upside to the lack of carbon monoxide and other pollutants being introduced into the air, such as 2nd and 3rd hand smoke.


Myths about E-Cigs
Some myths of E-Cigs that are more alarming to users include:

  • E-Cigs damage lungs.
E-Cigs are not directly linked to damaging lungs. There was a study conducted in 2012 in the University of Athens, Greece that suggested evidence of E-Cigs causing increased airway resistance. However, this is a temporary increase as anything other than oxygen being inhaled is unnatural and the body will react to it differently from oxygen. Numerous users of E-Cigs that quit smoking cigarettes have reported that their breathing has increased and their physical capabilities have increased. This would obviously state that tobacco increases air resistance worse than E-Cigs. Cold air and exercise can also elevate airway obstruction, which does not damage lungs. PG may has a respiratory irritant effect, but does not necessarily mean that long-term exposure can lead to any adverse effect on lung function.
Broncho-constriction is one of the effects of nicotine. This can in fact cause increased airway resistance. Bronchitis is usually caused by a bacterial or viral infection. Pneumonia is also caused by the same, as the lungs’ air sacs become inflamed and fill up with fluid or pus. The ironic truth to PG and VG is that these are anti-bacterial substances. PG is known to actually absorb the liquid inside of your lungs, as it is a humectant. With this evidence, it is difficult to claim that PG and VG cause bronchitis or pneumonia. Though E-Cig users have complained about experiencing lipoid pneumonia after using E-Cigs, the sudden change from quitting smoking and inhaling vapor can cause negative effects. This theory suggests that sudden change from what these users are inhaling is causing these users to become susceptible to bronchitis or pneumonia, especially because smoking impairs the immune system which would fail to combat viruses and bacteria.

  • E-Cigs can dehydrate you
This claim is true; as above mentioned, E-Cigs actually absorb the liquid inside of your lungs. It is highly recommended that E-Cig users drink plenty of water and stay hydrated.

  • E-Cigs contain anti-freeze
This claim was only true about a Chinese entity that got started around the first production of the E-Cig movement, 2009; it has ceased production because of these allegations. Since then, no, anti-freeze has not been found in E-Cigs. It is usually safer to purchase E-Cigs and vapor juices from home-country producers anyway, which is not rare to come by.
 

Nermal

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Jun 8, 2013
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Farmington, NM USA
A minor comment: They usually do contain "anti-freeze" so you would be better off distinguishing between the old, and very toxic ethylene glycol and the newer propylene glycol, which is also used in e-cigs.

If your paper is for a psychology paper, you should either avoid abbreviations common to ECF.com, or at least introduce them on their first occurrence.

I'm not at all sure of your references to lipoid, but it's your paper and your research. Indeed, though, there are many negative but temporary problems involved in quitting smoking. There is a good sticky around here which I will leave you to include as part of your reasearch
 
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