They do indeed. You're looking for "XL" or "XXL" (or larger) cartomizers.
I believe Ego Mega Cartomizers hold 3-4 ml of liquid, that'd help out. They wouldn't fit your 510, but there are also XL 510 cartomizers, so you could use them on both.
You might also later look into a carto
tank. I just got mine recently and love it. It's a clear cylindrical
tank that sits around your carto and feeds it fluid. It'd look kind of unwieldy on a 510, but fits fine on an Ego.
Basically it'll be easy to solve your problem on the Ego, less so on the 510. (510 XL cartos are still only like 1.5ml.) I recommend a mega cartomizer or two to try out (less than $5), and a carto
tank (which are like $10-20).