It's an output/input issue. The USB port on you computer is a direct current 5 volt output. There are four copper contacts in a usb. The one on the left is a positive, the one on the right is a negative, just like a battery. The two in the middle are for data transfer. The amps put out in a laptop usb vary from 500 milliamps to 1300 milliamps. The Passthrough only utilizes the left positive and right negative. It does nothing more than draw the power that is constantly being produced by the computer to the usb port to the positive and negative terminals in the PT to the atomizer (and the led)
THAT BEING SAID . . . Some of your worries are justified. What can happen is if you PT is bad (internal wiring or a short) it can send back an electrical discharge to through the USB and damage the port. Chances of damage to the actual motherboard are slim, but not impossible. You will most likely only fry you USB port.
Now there are two basic types of PT's. One's with batteries in the line and direct line PT's. Direct line PT's are the safest to use with computers. They carry no back charge and only draw charge when the switch is activated. The battery line PT always carry a charge and if something happens with that battery, you could risk damage.
Your biggest fear with any external device plugged into your computer is shorting. This could happen with any device; cell phones, ipods, printer, external hard drives, etc. Most of those devices have external power (battery or corded) and carry risk of damage to the port or computer.
So it boils down to quality of the device you are using.
I just bought a 120v wall plug model that converts to 5v 1500mA. Most direct line passthoughs require about 800mA to 1500mA. SO CHECK THE mA RATING BEFORE YOU BUY. Most 500mA devices will not work unless you have a battery in the line. I use an M401 PT and it KICKS! I use the wall plug when I am not at the computer (watching TV or working in the garage).
The same goes for car adapters as well. CHECK THE MILLIAMP RATING 500 WILL NOT WORK WITH MOST DIRECT LINE PT'S. I ordered one from a supplier in Canada. It's also 1500mA. It will make road trips easier. No batts to fumble with and charge. I am a dipper with my 401 anyway, so I don't ever use carts. I have little plastic paint pots velcroed to the dash.
PT's Rock
