This article from the National Institute of Justice should be titled "Five Things About Vaping and E-Cigarettes That Are Misleading."
1. “Personal vaping devices can also be MODIFIED to deliver THC (the most prevalent intoxicating compound in cannabis), methamphetamine, fentanyl, and synthetic cannabinoids.”
In truth, THC vapes are NOT "modified" e-cigs, they're made specifically for THC. Also, .... and fentanyl aren't in e-cigarettes and it's extremely rare to find them in illicit vapes.
"A third of youths who use personal vaping devices vape cannabis."
The source listed for this is a 2020 Canadian survey, not a recent survey in the US. US sources are inexplicably silent on what teens are actually vaping.
2. Vaping "allows people to absorb more of a drug into the body than smoking because less of the drug is lost through sidestream smoke."
This isn't a scientifically proven statement. Smoke is still believed to be the best delivery system for nicotine regardless of sidestream loss.
A 2019 study on the subject in 2019 concluded: “Advanced e-cigarettes delivered significantly more nicotine than first-generation devices but less than combustible cigarettes.”
A 2020 UCSF study found that rodents exposed to 5% Juul devices (which contain nicotine salts) showed nicotine concentrations that were five times higher than cigarettes. Juul released a statement in response to the study that said. ““In terms of actual nicotine absorption, our clinical studies have consistently shown that Juul use at five percent strengths results in an average nicotine uptake that is similar to, but lower in concentration than a commercial reference combustible cigarette.”
"Vaping devices can be modified to increase the dosage, increase the volume of “puff,” and vaporize solids such as plant materials and drug-containing waxes."
Again, there are specific devices for "heat-not-burn" (plant materials) and waxes, so e-cigarettes aren't “modified” for those substances.
3. "E-liquids may also contain vitamin E, which can lead to severe lung tissue damage when vaped."
This is categorically untrue. Vitamin E Acetate was used in illicit THC vapes and has never been found in nicotine e-liquids. The authors are conflating THC liquids with nicotine e-liquids as a cause for EVALI.
"Other illicit or uncontrolled substances, such as synthetic cannabinoids, are present in some e-liquids and can be difficult to detect."
There's no reason for manufacturers to put cannabinoids into nicotine e-liquids. The authors are again conflating THC vapes with nicotine e-liquids. However, it is important for consumers to be wary of being offered a vapor product without knowing what it contains.
"E-liquids often contain ethanol as an unlisted ingredient."
Based on a 2017 study, there was concern ethanol could cause impairment and false positives during DUI tests. A 2023 study found no impairment from vaping and ethanol was detected for only 3 minutes after vaping.
4. "Because the market has expanded so rapidly in recent years, it has been difficult for regulatory agencies to keep up."
It can be argued those agencies CREATED the problem by publicizing vaping in a way that increased youth interest at a time when vaping was generally dismissed by youth as something “old people use to quit smoking” and it was knee-jerk, confusing and unachievable regulations that created a black market that those agencies cannot control.
5. "Public health and public safety stakeholders must understand the impact of vaping in their communities."
The first step would be to stop misinforming them with articles like this one.
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have rapidly expanded in popularity since first entering the U.S. market in 2006. E-cigarettes convert a liquid solution into an aerosol that users inhale — a process known as vaping. Inhaling the heated, condensed aerosol allows the drug to rapidly absorb...
nij.ojp.gov
They note "peer use remains one of the most important factors in youth tobacco use," vaping is up & youth smoking is down...but still don't make the right connection. 
