since radar is an EMF type of energy, it has a hard time traveling long distances
thru water... sound on the otherhand can travel hundreds of miles ( until it hits thermoclines) and about 4 times faster than in air...
the higher the frequency of the energy source, the quicker it dies out in water... light for example... at about 60'-120' most of the visible spectrum is lost depending on how murky the water is...
my best thought would be to use some type of "side view" fish finder but by the time you get close enuf one would be within visual range anyway....
heres an idea... package up some kind of highly reflective ( radar wise) balloon ( ehhh 4-6' dia) that has a 100' cord and it is filled with helium via a small canister when the moment requires... wala a radar passive low cost beacon...