Browsers are kind of a personal thing, so what suits one person doesn't suit another. Vapers understand that better than most... So please take the following as an opinion that is likely different to yours

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Firefox is the old standby, it has the years of history that are needed for good software and security, it's open-source which again means a higher security level. It has the benefit of more plugins than any other browser, which means active users get many more options. It is the most active browser project out there. (Software can be referred to as a 'project' because it's never finished, and there is a team working on it constantly. At least, ideally that is the case. So the best apps of all are 'projects'.) A good project like this fixes any glitches or security holes in days. Internet Exploder used to get patched every 6 months.
Negatives: they do so many upgrades that you will often find that your favourite plugin won't work until the plugin authors fix the compatibility, though that might only take a few days.
It is sometimes slower than other browsers (in practice, in the real world, as opposed to in tests) as more plugins = less speed (it's just too easy to add plugins).
Chrome is a fast newish (in comparison to FF) browser. Some people - purists - will say it has the worst security of all, since the reason Google developed it is to own all your personal information. Everything you do goes direct to Google. In terms of web security it's as good as the other big 3 (FF, Chrome, Opera). Each can have its own holes, which are normally patched fast.
Chrome with the spyware removed was popular at one time: swIron etc - but that trend seems to have died out.
Negatives: none, if you don't mind Google knowing everything about you and your life. That info is also available to others of course, either by legal directive or for a fee.
Opera is the final browser in the Big 3 group. It has the best visual bookmark system, if you like that feature. At one time it had the fastest Java engine, which is handy if you browse complex sites. If you want a browser that's simple, fast and with a good visual bookmark listing then Opera is a good choice.
Negatives: it has its own browser engine that in some cases has compatibility problems with the occasional website that uses the latest software visitor interactions. You will have to have two browsers if you use Opera, using the other one for the odd site that's a problem.
Others
Go to Browsershots.org and check out the list of all the web browsers there. It's a site for developers testing their websites with various browsers, but is also useful for seeing what's popular:
Check Browser Compatibility, Cross Platform Browser Test - Browsershots
Come back and tell us how Iceweasel worked out for you...
Oh, yes - nearly forgot.
IE or
Internet Explorer. IE6 was probably the worst software ever published, ever, for anything. It was so appallingly rubbish that words cannot describe what utter trash it was. On the entire planet earth only Microsoft's support was worse than IE6.
The latest version is probably quite good in comparison. The trouble is that if you make the worst product ever, with the worst support ever for something that needs immediate fixes when a security hole becomes apparent, then even if you eventually manage to make something good then no one in their right mind will trust you, for good reason. The faults in IE6 and its support cannot even be described in anything less than a large book - it was a direct pipe into the PC for malware and botnets. Indeed most botnets wouldn't even exist without IE6 and IE7. You couldn't code a worse browser if you asked a class of 6 year olds to do it and then support it.
Maybe IE11 works OK and maybe it doesn't. No one sane would bother using something from those people. It's the first thing that gets blocked in/out in the firewall in any PC I build or fix for someone else. And no, you shouldn't use Microsoft's firewall either unless you just don't care about security. Microsoft and Adobe are web disaster areas, they should be prohibited by law from doing anything connected with the web.