Actually not exactly accurate...due to the very specific charge pattern of Li Ion, integrated circuits have been created in order to detect and control that CC/CV (constant current/constant voltage) charge pattern, and to prevent overcharging which is INCREDIBLY stressful on Li Ion cells...that stress shortens the Li Ion recharge cycles...the IC is VERY VERY VERY tiny (about 1/8" square) the rest of the board is the supporting resistors and capacitors needed to control the flow rate of the charger
Actually, actually, accurate but incomplete when describing a li-ion specific charger, the manipulation of the potential allows for any kind of voltage or current level to be achieved and with access to tools to measure the specifics of both the source and the battery along with something clever to orchestrate it, effects such as cc or cv can be achieved.