___________________________________________________________
48th Congress of European Societies of Toxicology
EUROTOX 2012, Stockholm
Safety science serving society
48th congress of European Societies of Toxicology
17-20 June, 2012
Stockholm
Abstracts / Toxicology Letters 211S (2012) S43S216
P08-02
Effects of active and passive electronic and tobacco cigarette smoking on lung function
Maria Chorti 1, Konstantina Poulianiti 1, Athanasios Jamurtas1,
Konstantinos Kostikas1, Manolis Tzatzarakis 2, Dionysios Vynias2,
Yiannis Koutedakis1, Andreas Flouris 1, Aristidis Tsatsakis 2
1 Centre for Research and Technology, Greece, 2 University of Crete,
Greece
Introduction: The electronic cigarette (e-cig) has become widely popular worldwide despite the lack of evidence on its safety. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the acute and short term effects of e-cig and tobacco cigarette active and passive smoking on lung function. Methods: Fifteen smokers (≥15 cigarettes/day, 8males, 7 females) volunteered. In the control trial, smokers were asked to smoke an unlit-cigarette whereas in the tobacco cigarette trial they were asked to smoke two tobacco cigarettes of their favourite brand. In the e-cig trial they were asked to puff an e-cig. Measurements were assessed by spirometry.
Results and conclusions: Lung function was significantly affected immediately tobacco cigarette smoking, although one hour later most of the lung function parameters had returned to normal levels.
Tobacco cigarette smoking decreased significantly FEV1, FEV1/FVC, FEF25-75 and FeNO and increased significantly CO and cotinine. No significant changes in lung function were observed in e-cig smoking, but cotinine was significantly increased immediately after one hour of smoking. For passive smoking, increase in CO and cotinine was observed even one hour after passive tobacco cigarette smoking.
Following e-cig exposure FEV1/FVC ratio was reduced while cotinine was increased. Acute tobacco cigarette smoking causes a mild lung obstruction and a small increase in lung inflammation that last <1 h. Smoking the tested e-cig augments serum cotinine levels yet it does not seem to affect lung function acutely. Passive exposure to the e-cig examined demonstrates a short-term mild lung obstruction and augments serum cotinine levels.
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.03.250
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378427412003529
___________________________________________________________
P08-03
Effects of electronic cigarette and tobacco cigarette smoking on complete blood count
Dimitrios Kouretas1, Konstantina Poulianiti 2, Maria Chorti 2,
Athanasios Jamurtas2, Konstantinos Kostikas2, Manolis
Tzatzarakis 3, Yiannis Koutedakis2, Andreas Flouris 2, Aristidis
Tsatsakis 3
1 University of Thessaly, Greece, 2 Centre for Research and
Technology, Greece, 3 University of Crete, Greece
Background: Alternative smoking strategies such as the electronic cigarette (e-cig) may contribute towards reducing the threat to public health caused by the tobacco epidemic. However, the latest World Health Organisation regulatory consultation on the safety of electronic nicotine delivery devices called for intensified research efforts assessing the health effects of e-cigarette use given the lack of available evidence. Methods: A total of 15 smokers (≥15 cigarettes/day, 8males, 7 females, 36.83±9.85 years) and 15 neversmokers (8 males, 7 females, aged 28.87±10.45 years) volunteered.
The group of smokers underwent a control trial, an active tobacco cigarette smoking trial, and an active e-cigarette smoking trial. The group of never smokers underwent a control trial, a passive tobacco cigarette smoking trial, and a passive e-cigarette cigarette smoking trial.
Results: In smokers, active tobacco smoking increased white blood cell count, lymphocyte count, granulocyte count (P0.05). In never smokers, passive tobacco cigarette smoking caused a significant increase in white blood cell count, lymphocyte count and granulocyte count (P0.05).
Conclusions: Acute active and passive e-cig smoking does not do not appear to influence the indices of complete blood count in smokers and never smokers, respectively.
In contrast, acute active and passive tobacco cigarette smoking increase white blood cell count, lymphocyte count and granulocyte count.
More research is needed to evaluate the safety of e-cig use.
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.03.251
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278691512005030
___________________________________________________________
EUROTOX - Congress of the European Societies of Toxicology
http://www.eurotox2012.org/uploads/files/eurotoxsmallprogr.pdf (page 58)
http://pdn.sciencedirect.com/scienc...e40dce3&pid=1-s2.0-S0378427412003529-main.pdf
___________________________________________________________
More articles:
___________________________________________________________
BMC Public Health
RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access
Effect of an electronic nicotine delivery device (e-Cigarette) on smoking reduction and cessation:
a prospective 6-month pilot study
Riccardo Polosa1,2*, Pasquale Caponnetto1,2, Jaymin B Morjaria3, Gabriella Papale1,2, Davide Campagna1,2 and
Cristina Russo1,2
Abstract
Background: Cigarette smoking is a tough addiction to break. Therefore, improved approaches to smoking cessation are necessary. The electronic-cigarette (e-Cigarette), a battery-powered electronic nicotine delivery device (ENDD) resembling a cigarette, may help smokers to remain abstinent during their quit attempt or to reduce cigarette consumption. Efficacy and safety of these devices in long-term smoking cessation and/or smoking reduction studies have never been investigated.
Methods: In this prospective proof-of-concept study we monitored possible modifications in smoking habits of 40 regular smokers (unwilling to quit) experimenting the Categoria e-Cigarette with a focus on smoking reduction and smoking abstinence. Study participants were invited to attend a total of five study visits: at baseline, week-4, week-8, week-12 and week-24. Product use, number of cigarettes smoked, and exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO) levels were measured at each visit. Smoking reduction and abstinence rates were calculated. Adverse events and product preferences were also reviewed.
Results: Sustained 50% reduction in the number of cig/day at week-24 was shown in 13/40(32.5%) participants; their median of 25 cigs/day decreasing to 6 cigs/day (p < 0.001). Sustained 80% reduction was shown in 5/40 (12.5%) participants; their median of 30 cigs/day decreasing to 3 cigs/day (p = 0.043). Sustained smoking abstinence at week-24 was observed in 9/40(22.5%) participants, with 6/9 still using the e-Cigarette by the end of the study. Combined sustained 50% reduction and smoking abstinence was shown in 22/40 (55%) participants, with an overall 88% fall in cigs/day. Mouth (20.6%) and throat (32.4%) irritation, and dry cough (32.4%) were common, but diminished substantially by week-24. Overall, 2 to 3 cartridges/day were used throughout the study.
Participants perception and acceptance of the product was good.
Conclusion: The use of e-Cigarette substantially decreased cigarette consumption without causing significant side effects in smokers not intending to quit ( Home - ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT01195597).
http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-2458-11-786.pdf
___________________________________________________________
Electronic cigarettes as a harm reduction
strategy for tobacco control: A step forward
or a repeat of past mistakes?
Zachary Cahna,* and Michael Siegelb
aDepartment of Political Science, University of California at Berkeley,
UC Berkeley Department of Political Science, 210 Barrows Hall #1950, Berkeley,
CA 94720-1950, USA.
bDepartment of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public
Health, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
*Corresponding author.
Abstract The issue of harm reduction has long been controversial in the public health practice of tobacco control. Health advocates have been reluctant to endorse a harm reduction approach out of fear that tobacco companies cannot be trusted to produce and market products that will reduce the risks associated with tobacco use. Recently, companies independent of the tobacco industry introduced electronic cigarettes, devices that deliver vaporized nicotine without combusting tobacco. We review the existing evidence on the safety and efficacy of electronic cigarettes. We then revisit the tobacco harm reduction debate, with a focus on these novel products. We conclude that electronic cigarettes show tremendous promise in the fight against tobacco-related morbidity and mortality. By dramatically expanding the potential for harm reduction strategies to achieve substantial health gains, they may fundamentally alter the tobacco harm reduction debate.
Journal of Public Health Policy advance online publication, 9 December 2010;
doi:10.1057/jphp.2010.41
http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/centers-institutes/population-development/files/article.jphp.pdf
___________________________________________________________
"The electronic cigarette is safer than the conventional '
Professor of Toxicology Aristides Tsatsakis
University of Crete
« <-Link
(article is in greek, google Chrome translation function does a decent job)
48th Congress of European Societies of Toxicology
EUROTOX 2012, Stockholm
Safety science serving society
48th congress of European Societies of Toxicology
17-20 June, 2012
Stockholm
Abstracts / Toxicology Letters 211S (2012) S43S216
P08-02
Effects of active and passive electronic and tobacco cigarette smoking on lung function
Maria Chorti 1, Konstantina Poulianiti 1, Athanasios Jamurtas1,
Konstantinos Kostikas1, Manolis Tzatzarakis 2, Dionysios Vynias2,
Yiannis Koutedakis1, Andreas Flouris 1, Aristidis Tsatsakis 2
1 Centre for Research and Technology, Greece, 2 University of Crete,
Greece
Introduction: The electronic cigarette (e-cig) has become widely popular worldwide despite the lack of evidence on its safety. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the acute and short term effects of e-cig and tobacco cigarette active and passive smoking on lung function. Methods: Fifteen smokers (≥15 cigarettes/day, 8males, 7 females) volunteered. In the control trial, smokers were asked to smoke an unlit-cigarette whereas in the tobacco cigarette trial they were asked to smoke two tobacco cigarettes of their favourite brand. In the e-cig trial they were asked to puff an e-cig. Measurements were assessed by spirometry.
Results and conclusions: Lung function was significantly affected immediately tobacco cigarette smoking, although one hour later most of the lung function parameters had returned to normal levels.
Tobacco cigarette smoking decreased significantly FEV1, FEV1/FVC, FEF25-75 and FeNO and increased significantly CO and cotinine. No significant changes in lung function were observed in e-cig smoking, but cotinine was significantly increased immediately after one hour of smoking. For passive smoking, increase in CO and cotinine was observed even one hour after passive tobacco cigarette smoking.
Following e-cig exposure FEV1/FVC ratio was reduced while cotinine was increased. Acute tobacco cigarette smoking causes a mild lung obstruction and a small increase in lung inflammation that last <1 h. Smoking the tested e-cig augments serum cotinine levels yet it does not seem to affect lung function acutely. Passive exposure to the e-cig examined demonstrates a short-term mild lung obstruction and augments serum cotinine levels.
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.03.250
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378427412003529
___________________________________________________________
P08-03
Effects of electronic cigarette and tobacco cigarette smoking on complete blood count
Dimitrios Kouretas1, Konstantina Poulianiti 2, Maria Chorti 2,
Athanasios Jamurtas2, Konstantinos Kostikas2, Manolis
Tzatzarakis 3, Yiannis Koutedakis2, Andreas Flouris 2, Aristidis
Tsatsakis 3
1 University of Thessaly, Greece, 2 Centre for Research and
Technology, Greece, 3 University of Crete, Greece
Background: Alternative smoking strategies such as the electronic cigarette (e-cig) may contribute towards reducing the threat to public health caused by the tobacco epidemic. However, the latest World Health Organisation regulatory consultation on the safety of electronic nicotine delivery devices called for intensified research efforts assessing the health effects of e-cigarette use given the lack of available evidence. Methods: A total of 15 smokers (≥15 cigarettes/day, 8males, 7 females, 36.83±9.85 years) and 15 neversmokers (8 males, 7 females, aged 28.87±10.45 years) volunteered.
The group of smokers underwent a control trial, an active tobacco cigarette smoking trial, and an active e-cigarette smoking trial. The group of never smokers underwent a control trial, a passive tobacco cigarette smoking trial, and a passive e-cigarette cigarette smoking trial.
Results: In smokers, active tobacco smoking increased white blood cell count, lymphocyte count, granulocyte count (P0.05). In never smokers, passive tobacco cigarette smoking caused a significant increase in white blood cell count, lymphocyte count and granulocyte count (P0.05).
Conclusions: Acute active and passive e-cig smoking does not do not appear to influence the indices of complete blood count in smokers and never smokers, respectively.
In contrast, acute active and passive tobacco cigarette smoking increase white blood cell count, lymphocyte count and granulocyte count.
More research is needed to evaluate the safety of e-cig use.
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.03.251
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278691512005030
___________________________________________________________
EUROTOX - Congress of the European Societies of Toxicology
http://www.eurotox2012.org/uploads/files/eurotoxsmallprogr.pdf (page 58)
http://pdn.sciencedirect.com/scienc...e40dce3&pid=1-s2.0-S0378427412003529-main.pdf
___________________________________________________________
More articles:
___________________________________________________________
BMC Public Health
RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access
Effect of an electronic nicotine delivery device (e-Cigarette) on smoking reduction and cessation:
a prospective 6-month pilot study
Riccardo Polosa1,2*, Pasquale Caponnetto1,2, Jaymin B Morjaria3, Gabriella Papale1,2, Davide Campagna1,2 and
Cristina Russo1,2
Abstract
Background: Cigarette smoking is a tough addiction to break. Therefore, improved approaches to smoking cessation are necessary. The electronic-cigarette (e-Cigarette), a battery-powered electronic nicotine delivery device (ENDD) resembling a cigarette, may help smokers to remain abstinent during their quit attempt or to reduce cigarette consumption. Efficacy and safety of these devices in long-term smoking cessation and/or smoking reduction studies have never been investigated.
Methods: In this prospective proof-of-concept study we monitored possible modifications in smoking habits of 40 regular smokers (unwilling to quit) experimenting the Categoria e-Cigarette with a focus on smoking reduction and smoking abstinence. Study participants were invited to attend a total of five study visits: at baseline, week-4, week-8, week-12 and week-24. Product use, number of cigarettes smoked, and exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO) levels were measured at each visit. Smoking reduction and abstinence rates were calculated. Adverse events and product preferences were also reviewed.
Results: Sustained 50% reduction in the number of cig/day at week-24 was shown in 13/40(32.5%) participants; their median of 25 cigs/day decreasing to 6 cigs/day (p < 0.001). Sustained 80% reduction was shown in 5/40 (12.5%) participants; their median of 30 cigs/day decreasing to 3 cigs/day (p = 0.043). Sustained smoking abstinence at week-24 was observed in 9/40(22.5%) participants, with 6/9 still using the e-Cigarette by the end of the study. Combined sustained 50% reduction and smoking abstinence was shown in 22/40 (55%) participants, with an overall 88% fall in cigs/day. Mouth (20.6%) and throat (32.4%) irritation, and dry cough (32.4%) were common, but diminished substantially by week-24. Overall, 2 to 3 cartridges/day were used throughout the study.
Participants perception and acceptance of the product was good.
Conclusion: The use of e-Cigarette substantially decreased cigarette consumption without causing significant side effects in smokers not intending to quit ( Home - ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT01195597).
http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-2458-11-786.pdf
___________________________________________________________
Electronic cigarettes as a harm reduction
strategy for tobacco control: A step forward
or a repeat of past mistakes?
Zachary Cahna,* and Michael Siegelb
aDepartment of Political Science, University of California at Berkeley,
UC Berkeley Department of Political Science, 210 Barrows Hall #1950, Berkeley,
CA 94720-1950, USA.
bDepartment of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public
Health, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
*Corresponding author.
Abstract The issue of harm reduction has long been controversial in the public health practice of tobacco control. Health advocates have been reluctant to endorse a harm reduction approach out of fear that tobacco companies cannot be trusted to produce and market products that will reduce the risks associated with tobacco use. Recently, companies independent of the tobacco industry introduced electronic cigarettes, devices that deliver vaporized nicotine without combusting tobacco. We review the existing evidence on the safety and efficacy of electronic cigarettes. We then revisit the tobacco harm reduction debate, with a focus on these novel products. We conclude that electronic cigarettes show tremendous promise in the fight against tobacco-related morbidity and mortality. By dramatically expanding the potential for harm reduction strategies to achieve substantial health gains, they may fundamentally alter the tobacco harm reduction debate.
Journal of Public Health Policy advance online publication, 9 December 2010;
doi:10.1057/jphp.2010.41
http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/centers-institutes/population-development/files/article.jphp.pdf
___________________________________________________________
"The electronic cigarette is safer than the conventional '
Professor of Toxicology Aristides Tsatsakis
University of Crete
« <-Link
(article is in greek, google Chrome translation function does a decent job)
