Your taste buds taste sweet, salty, sour, bitter, and umami. Your olfactory nerve senses EVERYTHING ELSE. So when you can't taste your liquids, blame your nose not your tongue! hahaha.
That's actually almost 100% factually wrong.
Your taste buds (of 5 different types) respond most strongly to specific flavors. That means they each react to a broad range of chemicals that "have" that "taste" based on their molecular structure. But it's course coded.
Just like touch, sight, and hearing. You do not have specific receptor cells for every type of touch that you can discern, and you cannot hear every single frequency. Sight is the easiest to explain: color vision comes from cells that are set up in systems that respond most strongly to 3 specific wavelengths of light. If your retina gets bombarded by light at a different wavelength, they respond incompletely and your brain puts it together.
That's a simplified wavelength response curve for human vision.
Obviously you can see colors other than that one specific shade of blue, that one specific shade of green, and that one specific shade of yellow-ish green.
Your taste buds work the same way. The ratio between how the 5 different types of taste buds respond to whatever you put in your mouth sends a whole host of signals to your brain, which you interpret as flavor.
Smell is the only sense that works differently. You actually have specific receptors in your olfactory system that respond to every single chemical that you can smell. They're all individual subtypes of neurons firing when the right chemicals bind to them.
Ifor onehave a
horrible sense of smell. It wasn't good to begin with, and decades of allergy medication (and the associated allergies) mean that I just plain don't smell a
lot of stuff, partially because my sinuses are usually blocked or swollen and partially because I've been taking drugs since I was 6 that can kill those chemoreceptors as a side-effect. And I can still taste things. And there's a
huge variety in juice.