There are loads of studies showing that this nutrient or that one has no effect (or a bad effect) on this, that, or the other thing. However, there are plenty of studies showing some positive effects.
Just this morning there was a short article in the Washington Post Health section on anemia in older folks. The article stated that a shortage of Vitamin B12 was often the problem, and that some people cannot absorb enough B12 from their food, but can do so from
supplements.
Other examples:
Davis PA, Yokoyama W. Cinnamon intake lowers fasting blood glucose: meta-analysis. J Med Food. 2011 Sep;14(9):884-9. Epub 2011 Apr 11.
Cinnamon intake lowers fasting blood glucose: met... [J Med Food. 2011] - PubMed - NCBI
Cinnamon intake, either as whole cinnamon or as cinnamon extract, results in a statistically significant lowering in FBG (-0.49±0.2 mmol/L; n=8, P=.025) and intake of cinnamon extract only also lowered FBG (-0.48 mmol/L±0.17; n=5, P=.008). Thus cinnamon extract and/or cinnamon improves FBG in people with type 2 diabetes or prediabetes.
(FBG = Fasting blood glucose).
Walter RB, Brasky TM, Milano F, White E.Vitamin, Mineral, and Specialty
Supplements and Risk of Hematologic Malignancies in the Prospective VITamins And Lifestyle (VITAL) Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2011 Oct;20(10):2298-308. Epub 2011 Jul 29.
Vitamin, Mineral, and Speci... [Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2011] - PubMed - NCBI
CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that the use of garlic and grape seed may be associated with reduced risk of hematologic malignancies. Impact: This is the first cohort study to suggest a possible role of these supplements in the chemoprevention of hematologic malignancies.
And of course I have been taking two 500-mg tabs of Slo-Niacin per day for about 10 years to control cholesterol (150 tabs for $17.99 at Amazon) The Big Pharma version is a prescription drug called Niaspan. It contains 500 mg of niacin and costs $462 for 150 tabs at drugstore.com
So yes, I could see where Big Pharma does have a motive to get rid of supplements as competition.
The point being that regardless of the mortality figures observed in this group of Iowa women, there is research showing positive effects of some nutrients on some conditions.