I would image most of the mod's out there have safety measures installed into them. Except for that guy in California that blew up his face with the ecig. If you ask me it seems odd that with the damage causes he was released from hospital the next day.
Not sure about an incident in California?
In January this year a person in Colorado experienced an incident with a metal tube device which caused significant facial injuries. He was in ER for a couple of days, for the first of which he was unconscious under sedation and intubated (on breathing assistance) after an operation to remove metal and plastic shrapnel from the back of the throat. He was in hospital for a number of days, and returned / is returning for a series of operations including eye operations and procedures to repair the jaw by a plastic surgeon. He lost several teeth and received other injuries including burns. The above information was reported by an ECF member who knows the victim, and others. It is the subject of a civil suit.
In February there was an incident in Florida where a vaper received, we believe, a similar form of injury resulting in a stay in hospital. We have no further details.
As far as we are aware, neither of these two persons 'left hospital the next day' although we are only relying on reports. I believe it was the second incident (though I could be wrong, it may have been the first) where his wife reported that, "I heard a sound like a gun going off and heard him screaming. I ran into the room and saw his face was on fire".
We are reasonably sure that the first incident involved cells paired in series as this is what is reported in the court documents, but in the second case we don't know. However the reports we have of explosive incidents always involve metal tube devices, with no electronic controls, with stacked cells (approximately eight incidents to date although we think there are more unreported events). In two cases these appear to have been primary cells (ordinary, non-rechargeable batteries) that may have been charged by mistake and then immediately placed in the device, in series, and used.
Our current advice is that, statistically, only metal tube devices with two cells in series and no electronics are involved, so that, theoretically, other modes of use in those devices, or use of any other devices, is without significant risk. In other words, do not use paired cells unless certain other conditions exist, such as electronic controls or obviously present safety features such as very large gas vents to prevent an explosion*. A fuse of some kind also seems desirable.
* Small drilled holes for the purpose of gas venting have been found to be a useful warning guide to drop the device - but they are unlikely to prevent an explosion.
Please keep in mind that it it is likely that
no one can guarantee what batteries they are actually using since battery counterfeiting is widespread and the label is meaningless. Also, there are no cheap good batteries, the two are mutually exclusive. It is better to play safe and use a device with substantial safety features, and buy the best batteries you can get, because lithium cells by their very nature cannot be described as safe; and if you rely on just your batteries being safe - that is a high-stakes bet.
Although some people discount these incidents as being 'rare' or even 'faked', we do not think this is a sensible attitude. The individual can do what they like, of course, as long as they know the risks. We would like to ensure that people know the risks.
Two people have received eye damage so far: one had foreign matter embedded in the eye, the other lost the sight in one eye temporarily as a result of the explosion even though he was (luckily) wearing glasses, but fortunately the sight returned shortly. It is thought the spectacles on one side were driven hard into that eye and this just caused loss of vision for a short time.
Please consider your options before you do something that statistically speaking has an elevated risk. There is a variety of equipment available that means that HV vaping now has alternative choices. Also, a machine shop can put gas vent slots in your tube for $10 or so. It costs exactly $6 per unit to have a production run machined up with three two-inch vent slots, so cost is not an issue. Neither is aesthetics or foreign matter ingress, since a model to IP65 waterproofing standards with hardly-visible alterations to the tube even though it has large gas vent slots is coming on the market soon.
Don't dismiss this issue as trivial unless you have spoken to the people it happened to; then you can decide.