So question: Can a pharmaceutical company do their testing and then just submit to the FDA un-peer reviewed or do they have to have a peer review their study before submitting or is the FDA considered the peer review?
I ask because I find it interesting that if the FDA is considered the peer review, how is that actually unbiased when the pharmaceutical company is paying big money to have their studies submitted? This is also leads back to when the scientists at the FDA cried foul last year, regarding their review of some drugs that were allowed on the market anyways, even though their own scientists had questions.
Kind of a weird flaw if this is the case.
EDIT: Also, aren't studies peer reviewed prior to being published?
To answer your second question first, no, peer review comes when an article is published for all "peers" to see in a respected journal. That's why if some one says that "such and such" was reported in "so and so" medical journal, it doesn't necessarilly mean I'm going to change my medical practice. But if you quote multiple articles about the same subject, I'll pay more attention.
As far as the FDA, they'll definitely be looking at the peer
reviews and also the duplication of results (one of the reasons it takes so long to get FDA approval), but ultimately they will do their own peer review. Most of the tests done by BP are not published because of concerns about loss of control over the product they are testing. If they publish the results about a partiular drug, and some other company can complete the necessary studies first, the first company loses everything they've invested in the product to date. That's why studies conducted by BP are more suspect than those conducted by a university. Their peer review is weaker and there's less opportunity for a lab to duplicate the test without financial motive, which leads to premature presentation of test results to the FDA, premature approval of a drug, and subsequent withdrawal of same drug based on a more transparent and peer reviewed analysis once a drug is released.
Furthermore, if a BP company finds a problem with a drug at the final hour, it's more likely to try to hide the results because of the time and money spent to develop that drug. This is what occurred w/ the COX-2 inhibitors Vioxx and Bextra. (FYI, these drugs are still a lot safer than aspirin!)