With the recent huge ransomware attack that hit so many Windows computers ( that hadn't updated or were unsupported and didn't have an update to address the security hole ) around the world... a lot of security experts are concerned that this may only be the start of such types of attacks. In fact, even Microsoft is concerned enough that they've released updates for Windows XP, Windows 8 and Windows 2003 computers even though support for those OS has stopped long ago. If you are a user of one of these older versions, you should make certain that your system is up to date.
Many antivirus and antimalware products also protect against at least some of these types of ransomware. Still, it probably wouldn't hurt to also use a product that is made specifically to stop it and can be installed along side your existing protect software you currently use.
There is a free ransomware protection called CybereasonRansomFree for Windows based computers that can be downloaded and installed from
RansomFree by Cybereason: Free Ransomware Protection . It works by detecting the type of behavior that ransomware uses and blocks it... so you won't even have to run scans as you would for other malware
threats. This won't eliminate the need for backing up your important files, but it will help stop 99% of the known ransomware out there and limit the possible damage you could see if left unprotected.
PS... Apple/Mac/iOS and Android users should check what their protection software is able to protect against but since I don't work much with those systems... I don't have any useful suggestions for good protection products for these OS. On my smartphone ( Android ), I do keep everything backed up so all I'd need to do is reload in the event that something does happens although I keep very little of any real importance on it ( other than the occasional picture I may take which is backed up immediately after I take it ).