Vaping is way too new for the research you speak of to have been done. I myself have vaped for two and a half years, and I think the longest term vaper would only have been vaping for coming up to 4 years. So until tests are done, its going to be long time before we know anything positive or negative.
We are our own guinea pigs, for this research. Hence its important to consult your doctor if you have any symptoms of illness, not to point the finger at vaping, but to eliminate vaping as the cause.
MSDS sheets tend to look at inhalation from an emergency point of view, so as to be useful to fire services for spillage and of course fires, explosions etc., so can be of little help to us.
Flavourings at this time are the main concern.
PG does without doubt act as a germicide/virucide, hospitals used it for years, and since I started to vape, I have only had one cold, and not the countless ones I suffered lifelong, not to mention the yearly Bronchitis, which has plagued me since childhood.
VG was used in cough syrups, as it can cause us to cough thus bring up phlegm, however, if you note, Glycerin can be produced by the human body itself, although the glycerin produced from vegetables seems to be more popular with vapers, than the type produced from animals.
But still not enough is known about either of these substances when inhaled on a daily basis. Only time will tell Im afraid.
In the meantime, I for one, am happy to continue with my personal experiment, and enjoy being a guinea pig...