Final note as I see that many have missed the plane altogether and the rants of some might results in someone ending up with a bad scenario.
Here's a rundown:
Devices
1) some old legacy devices (USB 1 and early 2 era) don't have much in terms of circuitry, they "assume" that the only power coming will be 0.5A, if you have such a device, only charge it via a 0.5 adapter or a computer.
2) most devices have a charging circuitry that handles and manages the incoming power. They will take in the full incoming load until the batteries indicates that it's at 80%, then will trickle charge it until it's topped off.
3) some devices have a secondary system where they MUST be able to communicate with the adapter (smart type).... some are so precise that unless the adapter is either the original brand type with the correct chipset or such replacement, it won't even charge. (My tablet is such, if I plug anything but it's proprietary adapter, the tablet knows it and will give me messages about it.) You MUST use a data capable cable with these.
Adapters
1) these are power convertors switching the AC to DC, for the USB protocols, they are supposed to be 5V and can have a wide range of Amperes rates.
2) some are nothing more than a transformer, and a resistor or two and a capacitor. They blindly output the set voltage and Amps that they are built to output, these are usually the very cheap ones and sadly, the most common that people get because they lose or break the good one that came with their device, and these are cheap. (and this item is part of the debate going on here that so many can't wrap their heads around)
3) "smart" adapters, these have chipsets that can detect changes in power and can switch their Amp output accordingly. Most times, they have a USB communication protocol so to communicate with the device.
4) proprietary adapters, they have more than just a simple chipset, they will synchronize with the device and adjust it's output accordingly.
USB cable
1) power only cable. Made for only power/charging, they offer no communication with adapters or ports.
2) data (and power) cable, usually standard, but some can have better performance.
3) high end data cable, will have better shielding, thicker wire, some will have built-in chipsets as another "safety" feature.
Lots of people that fry something tend to not pay attention to their cables. I've seen people yank on them, bend and fold, twist, etc, not understanding that some of these cables are cheap, and you can end up breaking them, causing shorts, that can fry a device or adapter.
So it comes down to: as long as your device isn't an antique, just use a good cable and a good adapter, the Amps output isn't important but the closer to the device's input capacity, the better. Lower Amp output (than the device's capacity) will make it charge slower, higher output (than the device's capacity) does nothing, but should something got wrong, the higher incoming might result in issues such as an overload. (and this is the other part of the debate going on here that so many can't wrap their heads around)
And finally, for the last time: if your adapter is getting hot, there's something wrong, get a better one, and at that point, just get one that matches your device's capacity.
So in answer to the original question of the OP: Yes, you can use just about ANY adapter, but note that most regulated mods charge at 1A, so you would be better served and safer to get a good 1A adapter for it (or if you look up your mod and find what the input is, get something that will match it).