THAT my friend, is a very good question! If you look around the forums for the answer to that, you will find a few thousands answers and, according to the authors, they are all the correct one... hehehe
I'll just tell you that in MY experience, it took a little bit (some may say a lot) of trial and error... testing different sizes with different wire gauges... and different numbers of wraps. I vividly remember trying sizes and resistance level that some people swear it is the best ever setup you could ever build, and turns out that I really didn't like it, or it doesn't work for my setup...
look around and learn from all, but be sure you build a coil for your setup... mouth to lung or direct to lung, makes a big difference.. ..
I ramble too much...
What does the diam determine... well for one thing, bigger diameter allows you to put more length of wire in the same width of coil, so increasing the resistance... also allows you to feed in thicker cotton... but to tell you what diameter is best for you... I could only tell you that my current setup is what is working for me today.. .. hehehe
lots of people here say: YMMV... Your Mileage May Vary... and they are correct.
R
Try close to billions! LOL But your answer is also honest and correct. Too many of us, myself included have had to struggle with trial and error.
Thanks. So what does the diameter of the coil determine?
The resistance you select or target for your build determines the heat energy output in (W)atts based on power in (V)oltage or Amps supplied by your battery or variable power device. These are the two things you have control over Res and Watts (a range).
The Mini I think is rated something like 7-30W. After vaping it along with the Sub for a bit now I'd say the sweet spot is likely somewhere in the middle, between the 15W I posted the pic of earlier and about 20W. Let's call it 18 for ha-ha's
Take a look at Coil Toy - Online calculator for e-cigarette resistance coil building and consider .8Ω as a target which is the sweet spot for a great many of the APV's out there (broadest range of power delivery), Ohm's Law Calculator should tell you if that 18W target is consistent with the output of your APV. Check that vs. Mod range | Steam Engine | free vaping calculators to see how your mod compares to the power requirement. Plug in your resistance in coil toy and vary the wind diameters to see your alternatives. I can tell you the internal post spread parallel to the coil is about 2.2mm, overall 3.2 end-to-end.
Hope this info is helpful to point you in the direction of a baseline target. If not, hail us.
Good luck.