To be honest, today is the 2nd day with the device. I`m playing with the airflow. Sometimes fully open gives a more smooth vape with less to none burn taste effect, but sometimes no hit at all so for the next pull I close it to half or so. What I notice with F0 is when I set 100Hz taste way softer than on 51Hz. I`m not sure if it's safe to lower it more with a 0.8 Z coil. Coil recommendation is 14-17W so I try to stick with that keeping it mostly on 14W with some experiments 15-15.5W.
DC current which is what about 99% of the market currently uses with batteries applies a direct current. When you close the circuit, it fires in full, until the circuit is broken.
Now, imagine in your left hand, holding a horse shoe sideways so it looks like a C. In your right hand, you have a coat hanger that you've bent into a U-shape, holding it sideways at the ends. You then spin the coat hanger horizontally between the end "hooks" of the horse shoe.
An AC current uses an outer C-shaped electromagnet and a U-shaped wire that's spun along a horizontal axis between the poles of the magnet. The arm that spins this circular wire on the horizontal axis is also providing an electrical current through the wire (in the example above, it would be your arm). When both wires are closest to the electromagnet (straight up and down), you will have the strongest current, as one magnetic pole is pushing and the other side is pulling. That is a peak of the frequency or oscillation if you are picturing a sound or light wave. As it continues to spin, the wires that were closest to the magnetic poles will now begin traveling further away. At a 1/4 of a rotation (1/4 oscillation), both the wires will be the furthest away from both poles of the magnet, leaving the weakest point of current. This would be the mid-point of the downward oscillation. Any further wire rotation toward the opposing poles beyond this mid-point will create a change in the flow of current as what was once a push and pull between the two sides of the wire, has now become a pull and push. Continuing that spin, the wires will begin approaching closer to the poles, but as it was just mentioned, they are reaching the opposite poles of the magnet from when they were last closest. You are now at the lowest point in the oscillation - at a 1/2 rotation or oscillation. The current is strongest again. Continuing on, the wires begin going further away from the magnetic poles. When at 3/4 rotation or oscillation, you are at the mid-point of the upward portion of the oscillation and at the weakest point of the current; again at the point in which the flow of current will be reversed upon further rotation. Completing the final 1/4 rotation will bring the wires back to their starting point being closest to the original poles they started at - the strongest current. The completion of this full rotation is a single Hz.
I found an animation that will hopefully help you visualize this a bit better.
Setting a higher Hz value will cause a higher frequency, which means more oscillations for a given time period. In the case of the Z80, setting the Hz to 100 likely means there's a 100 full rotations a second, or 100 Hz. Setting it lower to say 20 Hz, broadens or expands that oscillation slowing it down to 20 full rotations per second. This is where the "pulse" comes in. In the description above, every time the wires are nearest to the magnetic poles, this is when the current is strongest. As it pertains to the Z80 mod, this is when the coil would be the hottest - a pulse. Think of it like you're rapidly hitting the fire button on your mod - you're pulsing the fire button. At 1/4 rotation, it's the weakest - this is a lull in the current. When at 1/2 rotation, it is again at one of its strongest points. The flow of current has reversed directions and we experience another pulse. At 3/4 rotation, another lull, and reaching the full rotation again, another pulse.
We've seen mods like the Vaporesso Gen S and Ultra/X mimic this behavior in their mods utilizing the "Pulse Mode". However, you aren't able to adjust how fast it's pulsing - you can now with the Z80 via Hz.
I hope this helps some. I apologize, it's been a while since I've studied brushless AC motors, so some of this is rather rusty.
