Smoking Makes you Smarter?
Fri, 08/24/2007 - 10:51am chicago ....
From something called Eurekanet, (of which I know nothing) via Blondesense comes this interesting piece about some research in Yurp about smoking and brain activity. Check it out:
Now, researchers have discovered important details of how nicotine adjusts the signaling properties of neuronal wiring to enhance memory. Such signaling properties include the strength of the connections by which one neuron triggers another. Huibert Mansvelder and colleagues reported their findings in the April 5, 2007, issue of the journal Neuron, published by Cell Press.
The researchers made their discoveries by analyzing the electrophysiological properties of neurons in slices of mouse brain, as they treated the slices with nicotine or with drugs that prevent nicotines action. Specifically, the researchers studied the neurons of the prefrontal cortex, which contain centers for learning and memory.
Researchers had known that nicotine enhances learning by activating receptors for the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Such neurotransmitters are the chemical signals that one neuron launches at another to trigger a nerve impulse in the receiving neuron.
In their studies, Mansvelder and colleagues found that by activating acetylcholine receptors, nicotine affects a process called spike-timing-dependent potentiation that governs changes in strength of signaling connections among neurons. Whats more, the researchers traced this effect to nicotines action on specific kinds of neurons, called GABAergic neurons, in the learning centers. In turn, the effects on GABAergic neurons affected signaling between neurons mediated by the key substance calcium.
The researchers also discovered key details of the mechanisms by which nicotine excites different kinds of interneurons in the prefrontal cortex. Interneurons are the way-stations for neuronal impulses, passing neuronal signals from one neuron to another.
Fri, 08/24/2007 - 10:51am chicago ....
From something called Eurekanet, (of which I know nothing) via Blondesense comes this interesting piece about some research in Yurp about smoking and brain activity. Check it out:
While nicotine is highly addictive, researchers have also shown the drug to enhance learning and memorya property that has launched efforts to develop nicotine-like drugs to treat cognitive deficits in Alzheimers and Parkinsons diseases, schizophrenia, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
A key problem in designing such drugs has been that little was known about the detailed mechanism by which nicotine exerts its learning-enhancing effects.Now, researchers have discovered important details of how nicotine adjusts the signaling properties of neuronal wiring to enhance memory. Such signaling properties include the strength of the connections by which one neuron triggers another. Huibert Mansvelder and colleagues reported their findings in the April 5, 2007, issue of the journal Neuron, published by Cell Press.
The researchers made their discoveries by analyzing the electrophysiological properties of neurons in slices of mouse brain, as they treated the slices with nicotine or with drugs that prevent nicotines action. Specifically, the researchers studied the neurons of the prefrontal cortex, which contain centers for learning and memory.
Researchers had known that nicotine enhances learning by activating receptors for the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Such neurotransmitters are the chemical signals that one neuron launches at another to trigger a nerve impulse in the receiving neuron.
In their studies, Mansvelder and colleagues found that by activating acetylcholine receptors, nicotine affects a process called spike-timing-dependent potentiation that governs changes in strength of signaling connections among neurons. Whats more, the researchers traced this effect to nicotines action on specific kinds of neurons, called GABAergic neurons, in the learning centers. In turn, the effects on GABAergic neurons affected signaling between neurons mediated by the key substance calcium.
The researchers also discovered key details of the mechanisms by which nicotine excites different kinds of interneurons in the prefrontal cortex. Interneurons are the way-stations for neuronal impulses, passing neuronal signals from one neuron to another.
