The washer 510s are SBE? and I'm pretty sure they're around 2.4 ohms.
[note: I made a mistake in my post above. That last line with the Joye 510 (2.2 ohm) at 6.4v should be equal to 18.6 watts and 2.9 amps.]
Joye 510 (2.2 ohm) @ 6.4v = 2.9 amps
SBE 510 (2.4 ohm) @ 6.4v = 2.66 amps -- and 17 watts.
The cartomizers should be presenting about 2.8 ohms resistance.
So it looks like the trip point is somewhere between 2.7 amps and 2.9 amps?
What's an SBE?
I recently got some SLB 510s that are 3.2-3.3 ohm. Pretty nice at HV. Thinking of trying some Boge 'Expert' ones at 2.8 ohms.
Also, all your calculations are unloaded? When calculating watts I've always used the loaded voltage. A stock 510 for example is 3.1v loaded. The BB with a 2.3 ohm load is about 5.2v when it reads 6.2 at the adapter.