Steeping Times and an Ultrasonic Cleaner Part III

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mikepetro

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Im sorry but your tests are wrong. He may have reviewed your protocol, but not your actual tests.

I have tested my nic at 150° and noted zero loss in potency. There is info on reddit with actual Lab analysis and spectrograph results. Others in these very forums have tested their juice as well with no noticeable drop in nic strength.

When I say no noticable drop here the highest drop Ive seen is 1mg, and only on one sample from others results. 8% is not in line with the data Ive seen.

While I understand and appreciate your research something is amiss here. You have an anomaly of some kind happening. Too many others cant be that wrong.

I am confident in the protocol I used:
  • I have been doing Titration testing of various chemicals (mostly boiler water treatment) for over 20 years, so I am confident in my titration skills.
  • I showed my protocol to a chemist, he confirmed "it was sound".
  • I used a laboratory grade 10ml Class A Burette and a magnetic stirrer to perform my tests.
  • 3 tests were done on each sample, there was not more than a .6 mg/l delta within each set of test results.
  • All equipment was rinsed well in tap water, then flushed with distilled water, after each test.
  • The bromothymol blue pH indicator and 0.1N reagent grade hydrochloric acid both came from Wizard Labs, I am confident in that source.
  • The correlation between alkalinity and nicotine content is pretty commonly accepted but the test cannot differentiate alkalinity between nicotine and other substances, like flavorings or saline for example. Consequently, the only additives that were used was PG and VG.
There is no doubt in my mind that there was a consistently measurable difference in the alkalinity of the various samples that corresponded with exposure to heat.

I am not educated enough to defend the correlation between nicotine and alkalinity, however that relationship is well documented and can be easily searched.

If there was an anomaly, it was consistent. I am open to someone providing insight as to what it might be. I still have my testing apparatus setup, and I have plenty of the 4 samples left. I can provide photographic evidence as needed.

  • Can you describe the precise protocol for the testing you did, and provide the actual test results?
  • Can you provide the spectrograph results, and the protocol for that testing?
  • Can you provide ANY data beyond the anecdotal?

(For the actual tests I placed a white paper towel over the blue magnetic stirrer to make differentiating between blue/green/yellow easier.)

DSCN0737_zps64db5363.jpg
 
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mikepetro

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I'm really curious about the steeping through heat vs ultrasonic, but also in the nicotine degradation. What does nicotine degrade into? Does it oxidize? Does it taste differently? Harsher, softer?

Thank you very much for doing the tests mikepetro!

Steeping with ultrasonic is also steeping with heat as the cavitation generates quite a bit of heat naturally. The real question is: with heat being equal, does ultrasonic cavitation add anything?

Nicotine does oxidize, what it turns into I do not know. I would love for someone more educated to chime in.

I have not tasted any of the samples from my heat degradation tests, if I have any left over after defending my protocols I might just do that.
 

mikepetro

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I'm really curious about the steeping through heat vs ultrasonic, but also in the nicotine degradation. What does nicotine degrade into? Does it oxidize? Does it taste differently? Harsher, softer?

Thank you very much for doing the tests mikepetro!


Upon doing a little reading:
http://www.e-cigarette-forum.com/forum/diy-e-liquid/86000-word-about-nicotine-purity-storage.html
and
Metabolism



Nicotine can turn into nicotine N-oxide and into cotinine.
Note that both of these would still show as alkalinity in a titration test. How psychoactive either one is, I dont know.
 

dannyv45

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Its done, I just updated my blog post about it.

No doubt about it, heat degrades nicotine.

At 150F there was an 8% loss (possibly more - see my blog), at 175F it was a 10% loss. AT 125F there was only .8% loss so I will stick to that temp for my steepings. Somewhere between 125 and 150 it declines more rapidly.

BTW, I had a bonafide chemist review my test protocol and he said it "is sound".

Mike that is a very interesting developement. When I receive your samples I will test NIC content and confirm your findings. One question is are your findings related to your samples I will be receiving. If not do you have actual findings on these samples and if so can you send them to me in a PM. Just send the findings and not which sample they relate to this way we can keep this as a blind test.
 
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mikepetro

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Mike that is a very interesting developement. When I receive your samples I will test NIC content and confirm your findings. One question is are your findings related to your samples I will be receiving. If if not do you have actual finding on these samples and if so can you send them to me in a PM. Just send the findings for each and not which sample they relate to.

Danny, no I did not titrate the samples you getting.

The objective of your test was to subjectively figure out if ultrasonic cavitation offered anything more than just heat alone.

The other test you quoted was to measure the effects of heat on nicotine potency.

Two different tests.
 

Wingsfan0310

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Mike that is a very interesting developement. When I receive your samples I will test NIC content and confirm your findings. One question is are your findings related to your samples I will be receiving. If not do you have actual findings on these samples and if so can you send them to me in a PM. Just send the findings and not which sample they relate to this way we can keep this as a blind test.

I'm under the impression that with the Nic test kits most of us have, that you cannot accurately test Nic concentration after flavor has been added.

Cheers,
Steve
 

mikepetro

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I'm under the impression that with the Nic test kits most of us have, that you cannot accurately test Nic concentration after flavor has been added.

Cheers,
Steve

That would be accurate.

THE HCL Titration tests for alkalinity/ph only and cannot differentiate nicotine from any other ingredient. Various additives like flavoring, lemon juice, saline, vinegar etc "can" alter the ph and/or alkalinity and skew a HCL titration result with respect to nicotine alone.

For a HCL titration to give accurate results you need to do it on nicotine base, ie nothing other than pg/vg added.
 

Wingsfan0310

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How is the flavor of each one? Are the steeped samples vapable or do they need more shelf time?

Sent from my LG-E980 using Tapatalk

TFA RY4 Double is my EDV. I think it's vapabable when I'm done shaking it. Not saying it doesn't get a touch better as time goes by, but to me it's always vapable.

Cheers,
Steve
 

mikepetro

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How is the flavor of each one? Are the steeped samples vapable or do they need more shelf time?

Sent from my LG-E980 using Tapatalk

You will need to ask the three taste testers that. Rowdy should be receiving the sample sets today as they "out for delivery" right now.

I am not taking part in the judging. I am not a tobacco juice person, and wouldnt know good from bad. I just performed the "mechanics" of the test allowing for true "blind" judging by the others. Plus my judgement might be tainted as I know which method produced the darkest result.
 

rowdyplace

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I received the packages too late to take to the USPS today. Tonight I will repackage them and ship to Danny45 and RocketPuppy.

They should receive them Thursday. I'll wait until then to sample mine. In the meantime, I will keep mine in the original box - just like theirs will be during shipping. 2 or 3 times each day, I will throw them across the room and bounce them off the wall - just to replicate the services of the USPS...(LOL)...

I'll PM the tracking number to each of you.

(Not even going to open the box until tomorrow morning...)
 

RocketPuppy

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I received the packages too late to take to the USPS today. Tonight I will repackage them and ship to Danny45 and RocketPuppy.

They should receive them Thursday. I'll wait until then to sample mine. In the meantime, I will keep mine in the original box - just like theirs will be during shipping. 2 or 3 times each day, I will throw them across the room and bounce them off the wall - just to replicate the services of the USPS...(LOL)...

I'll PM the tracking number to each of you.

(Not even going to open the box until tomorrow morning...)

Great idea! You and Danny may need to throw em a few more times since mine are going all the way to CA. I'll post the minute I get them, and we can drip/vape simultaneously.

I'm going to assume it's okay if I do a little shake before vape.
 

buffaloguy

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Mike, I can only provide details on what I have already in the forums, and what I have seen elsewhere. I know in my own tests at home Im not seeing 8% nic loss and I use the same Wizard Labs test kit everyone else does. I use WL Nic diluted down to 25mg/ml from 100mg/ml with Essential Depot VG. My nic is in VG, not PG as Im primarialy an all VG vaper, and I have tested just plain Nic and VG before, no water, saline, or other additives and noted no change in nic. I test a 60ml bottle plain VG and nic everytime I crack open a new Nic order. After that I dont do so. Im just checking for consistency and whether I need to make any adjustments for mixing purposes. To WL credit in two years + I have only had to do so one time. Being a home user Ive never felt the need to publish my results. Others have tested at 150 and seen no nic drop. I know Danny did some testing and others have reported results as well. No, I cannot pull out each thread on ECF among all the steeping threads but if you are bored and want to find them feel free. They are there.

Now I will say that I have never left it in the crock pot for 8 hours, my limit is four hours with steeping at 150°. Could this bave something to do with what you are seeing in your tests? Does longer time at appreciably higher heats effect nic loss? Would a shorter duration reduce the nic loss? When I mix a large batch (greater than 120ml total) I do let it steep longer 6-7 hours just due to the volume I mixed. I have not tested any sample at longer than four hours at 150°.

I do fully expect some nic loss when using heat steeping. Im just stunned to see 8% in your tests. As far as alkalinity goes I understand what you mean. I also agree with your chemist friend when he talks about oxidation (although that part doesnt concern me too much). I certainly see how nic could break down at high heat, but its generally accepted that a temp as low as 150 wouldnt cause that... although we dont know for sure. I do believe however that someone here in the forums did a bunch of testing on heat effecting nic relating to coil heat (different I know) and degradation. It may have been Kurt. (Sorry if Im wrong on who it was, it was more than a couple years ago I believe.)

The reddit info I saw on degradation is here:
http://www.reddit.com/r/electronic_...a/heat_steeping_and_nicotine_degradation_lab/

Granted the guy doesnt go into alot of detail on his methods used or equipment and takes some flak for it and updates with a little more info. He says on a different post which lab he uses: http://www.reddit.com/r/DIY_eJuice/comments/25kds5/ejuice_analysis_testing/ Im assuming hes a vendor although I dont know him, or have I spoke with him He does note that he has sent 12 samples and all have been to his spec. He promises more test results but I havent seen them yet, I am waiting to see them though.

Now, I will say that one post on reddit is not conclusive. We dont know his methods, etc, etc. So I do truly appreciate your work here Mike. It just doesnt jive with what I have seen on ECF, elsewhere like reddit, and my own home testing.

The graph results I were referring to when I looked them up have nothing to do with nic strength, but rather a chemical analysis of steeping results. Got the two mixed in my memory, my apologies for that. Interesting nonetheless, If interested those are here, but follow the op's whole post he gives more info as it goes on:
http://www.reddit.com/r/electronic_...inal_result_of_chemical_analyses_of_steeping/

Image of analysis here:
imgur: the simple image sharer

Im sorry for the delay in my reply as well. Im dealing with a loss in my extended family this week.
 

mikepetro

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Im sorry but your tests are wrong. He may have reviewed your protocol, but not your actual tests.
These were strong words my friend. Nothing in your response backs up your contention.


I use the same Wizard Labs test kit everyone else does.
It is a good "rough" test that is essentially a commercialized version of DVap's original method published back in 2009, which DVap himself (an accredited Chemist) says is only accurate to within 10%. The margin of error of that test kit/method is greater than the amount of potency loss I measured so you cant reasonably use that test kit as a basis for saying "my tests are wrong". I estimate the accuracy of my testing apparatus at +/- 2%, combine that with averaging three tests together and I estimate the accuracy at better than +/- 1%.

At the smaller sample size used, and by applying HCL with a syringe rather than a burrette, it is considerably less precise than the method I am using. My larger 5ml sample size is simply mathematically more accurate because it requires more HCL to protonate the nicotine. Using a syringe for applying drops of HCL introduces more variability than a burette. Lets face it, a burrette with .1ml markings is much easier to read, and more precise than drops from a 3ml syringe. I have the Wiz Labs kit, but I didnt want to accept +/- 10% accuracy when diluting very strong (ie pure) nic concentrates, so I acquired the burrette and magnetic stirrer to achieve better accuracy.

I test a 60ml bottle plain VG and nic everytime I crack open a new Nic order. After that I dont do so
IMHO, unless you test a heated sample, and an unheated sample, from the exact same "Lot", on the same day, using the same test method, then you dont have a conclusive test. Given the amount of judgement involved interpreting color, and measuring with a syringe, a single test can be misleading, best practice dictates doing multiple tests to ensure repeatability.



Actually my testing does "jive" with this test, in fact he showed a larger loss of potency than I did! I agree, his results are far from conclusive, especially since there was no uncooked control sample (from the same batch of juice) to establish a baseline. However, even if we assume his test is accurate, if you do the math he is demonstrating over a 16% loss of potency! "a drop of .1% or 1mg/mL of nicotine" divided by the original "0.6%(6mg/mL) nicotine" is a 16.6% loss of potency.

As you said, the spectroanalysis might not represent nic strength, unless nic is represented by one of the wavelengths. It is notable that the transmittance is lower across the whole spectrum for the heated sample. So if nic is represented by a specific wavelength, it would be lower than the untreated samples.

Yes, it was Kurt who did the coil testing. Not really relevant to steeping though.


Others have tested......
I hear you, but to me this is purely anecdotal. "So and so said they got this" doesnt really prove anything without hard data to back it up. Were they employing proper methodology in their tests? Were they being objective? Were they testing juice that had other additives that might have altered the alkalinity?

What I was trying to do was apply a "best practice" analytical approach to definitively answer some of these questions one way or another. I really didnt care what the results were, I just want to know the facts, and cut through the myth and the anecdotal.

I am an Engineer, not a Chemist, but my training tells me that a proper test should always include
  • A control sample to establish a baseline for whatever method of testing is used. I.e. a sample from the exact same lot that has not been processed or altered that can be subjected to the exact same testing method. This establishes a "baseline" to which the other results can be compared.
  • Testing multiple iterations of the same sample ensures the repeatability of the test and eliminates possible testing/human error.
  • The best test equipment you can afford. The higher the accuracy of your testing equipment, the more dependable your results.
  • Employing "best practice" techniques in your testing.

I documented employing all of the above in my blog post, I stand behind my results.........
 
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dannyv45

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Great idea! You and Danny may need to throw em a few more times since mine are going all the way to CA. I'll post the minute I get them, and we can drip/vape simultaneously.

I'm going to assume it's okay if I do a little shake before vape.

Mine should be well shaken by the time it gets here. My mailman is a drunk and a few times I've had to dive in the bushes to retrieve my mail as well as help the mailman up and out of the shrubs.
 

vgnut

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In addition to the nicotine degredation (suspected ?) from hot steeping your juice, dont forget that many flavoring vendors have used acetion and acetyl propionyl to replace diacetyl. Take a look into homebrewed beer, all you need to do is heat a sample to 150 degrees Fahrenheit to cause the formation of diacetyl. *I think* diacetyl is formed from acetoin after heating... So in general, using a crockpot, or the heater on my UC is out!

I'm just assuming that for everyone that uses a crockpot, you are breaking down the nicotine, and creating toxic chemicals in your juice. Even just using the UC for 10-15 minutes will raise the temperature of the bath 10 or 20 degrees, so a gentle heat along with the UC is enough for me.

I also wonder about other chemical reactions with various flavors mixed together when hot-steeping... I am no chemist...
 
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