The Pro-Vari doesn't actually use a "transformer". It uses a a unique type of buck-boost converter which renders the most complex type of switching regulator. Though, I understand what you're getting at. Transformers are routinely used to step up or down AC voltages, but not DC. You need a boost converter to step up voltages from DC to DC. Unlike a linear regulator, all switching regulators comprise a group of discrete components on a circuit board including a specialized controller chip.
For purely boost, the TI booster is probably going to be the best you'll be able to do until someone releases something better. A boost converter can not output voltage much lower than battery voltage. That's why the Pro-Vari uses buck-boost. It's like two switching converters rolled into one. Personally, I have yet to find a need for anything under 4V so I just build my
mods boost only.
It can be rather difficult to design a boost regulator (aka step-up converter) from the ground up. Probably not something a person would want to attempt without some formal training in electrical engineering. Though, there are controller chips that simplify design using various methods making it do-able for a hobbyist. You would at least need to be able to design and assemble your own printed circuit boards.