Chemical pneumonitis and acute lung injury caused by inhalation of nickel fumes.
Kunimasa K, Arita M, Tachibana H, Tsubouchi K, Konishi S, Korogi Y, Nishiyama A, Ishida T.
Source
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kurashiki Central Hospital, Japan.
kk11900@kchnet.or.jp
Abstract
A 50-year-old man with a 30-year occupational history of welding presented with low-grade fever, fatigue and persistent dry cough. Computed tomography (CT) of the chest revealed interlobular septal thickening and bilateral non-segmental patchy ground-glass opacities except in the sub-pleural zone. He revealed that he had inhaled nickel fumes 3 days previously at work. These findings suggested a diagnosis of pneumonitis induced by inhalation of nickel fumes. Fewer reports describe pneumonitis associated with the inhalation of nickel compared with zinc fumes. Although nickel compounds are particularly pernicious among the transition metals and more toxic than zinc compounds, nickel fume inhalation rarely induces lethal acute respiratory distress syndrome. Our patient was successfully treated with corticosteroid.
B-Acute Nickel Pneumonitis :
Accidental inhalation of metallic nickel particles can cause pneumonitis. For example, a welder died from acute respiratory distress syndrome after inhalation of a finely particulate nickel fume that was produced by a metal arc-welding process.
C-Acute Toxicity from Divalent Nickel :
Acute Ni2+ toxicity occurred when 32 electroplating workers accidently drank water contaminated with NiSO4 and NiCl2. Twenty of the workers promptly developed symptoms :
-nausea,
-vomiting,
-abdominal discomfort,
-........,
-giddiness,
-lassitude,
-headache,
-cough,
-shortness of breath,
that generally ceased within a few hours, but symptoms persisted for 1-2 days in seven cases.
In the workers with symptoms, the estimated nickel doses ranged from approximately 0.5-2.5 g.
All subjects recovered rapidly, without evident sequellae, and returned to work by the 8th day after exposure.