Physiological addiction is usually associated with increased tolerance for the substance. Yet, that is one thing we rarely see with vaping. It's pretty common with smoking. Anyone not move from a couple of smokes to 1 or more PAD?
When i started, i went through ~ 3ml/day of 24 mg/ml (~ 72 mg/day). Five years later i use ~7ml of 1-2mg/ml (10-12mg/day). So am i more or less "addicted" now? Some of that is because delivery is more efficient in current equipment, but not all.
Nicotine dependence may be tied with the age that you started smoking. That is testable. But nicotine use doesn't necessarily change the total number of receptors. Animal models indicate that it increases the expression of one subtype and decreases the expression of another subtype of receptors. The shift isn't limited to the young, and there may be other changes associated with youth.
I'm don't know whether or not nicotine is "addictive" or causes only "dependence" (and it's likely that varies from person to person)...but i do think that it is not the only chemical that causes the physiological and behavioral need and the tolerance that led many of us to smoke more and more, and made it hard to quit smoking without something like e-cigs that allowed us to mimic the behavior that goes with smoking. .
When i started, i went through ~ 3ml/day of 24 mg/ml (~ 72 mg/day). Five years later i use ~7ml of 1-2mg/ml (10-12mg/day). So am i more or less "addicted" now? Some of that is because delivery is more efficient in current equipment, but not all.
Nicotine dependence may be tied with the age that you started smoking. That is testable. But nicotine use doesn't necessarily change the total number of receptors. Animal models indicate that it increases the expression of one subtype and decreases the expression of another subtype of receptors. The shift isn't limited to the young, and there may be other changes associated with youth.
I'm don't know whether or not nicotine is "addictive" or causes only "dependence" (and it's likely that varies from person to person)...but i do think that it is not the only chemical that causes the physiological and behavioral need and the tolerance that led many of us to smoke more and more, and made it hard to quit smoking without something like e-cigs that allowed us to mimic the behavior that goes with smoking. .